Models of saving cultural heritage: experience of EU and USA

Abstract

The study is devoted to the study of the experience of the EU and the USA regarding the national model of economization of cultural heritage. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the revival of historical cities and the preservation of cultural heritage and its assets require technical and financial resources. The economic potential of historical and cultural heritage resources is considered. Mechanisms of economization of historical and cultural heritage are defined. The experience of the EU regarding the national model of economization of cultural heritage has been studied. The principles of economization of EU cultural heritage are considered. Forms of economization of cultural heritage in European countries are indicated: promotion of tourism; integration of educational institutes and objects of cultural heritage; the development of the educational and intellectual market; creation and dynamization of socio-economic clusters around objects of cultural heritage. The national strategy and policy of the USA in the field of cultural heritage is characterized. The main principles of the US state policy in the field of preservation and economic integration of cultural heritage are studied: the inseparable connection between the preservation of cultural heritage and its economization in the form of tourism; investments are an important factor in the implementation of policies in the field of economization of cultural heritage objects; the presence of obligations of subjects of the cultural heritage sector. Comprehensive programs for preservation and economization of cultural heritage are considered. Therefore, the generalization of the experience of the EU and the USA in the protection of cultural heritage allows us to implement it.