Strengthening the cybersecurity workforce: challenges and strategic priorities for national resilience

Abstract

The article explores current challenges and strategic prospects for developing a professional workforce in the field of cybersecurity. In the context of digitalization and growing cyber threats, the shortage of qualified personnel becomes one of the main barriers to ensuring national cyber resilience. The study analyzes the international experience of leading countries such as the USA, Israel, Singapore, Estonia, and EU members, which implement systemic models of training, certification, and professional development for cybersecurity specialists. Special attention is paid to the current state and challenges of cybersecurity workforce development in Ukraine, including government policy, international cooperation, retraining programs, and the advancement of educational initiatives. A comparative analysis of key cybersecurity indices (GCI, NCPI, NCSI, ENISA, etc.) is provided, with an emphasis on the human capital dimension. The paper substantiates the need for a multilevel approach to the development of cybersecurity workforce to ensure digital sovereignty and national cyber resilience.